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S. E. ROOTx Clock-Dial.

No. 210,806. Patented Dec. 10, 1878 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

S. EMERSON ROOT, OF BRISTOL, CONNECTICUT.

iMPROVEMENT IN -CLOCK-DiALS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 210,808, dated December 10, 1878 application filed August 2'2, 1cm.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, S. EMERSON ROOT, of Bristol, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Evlanufacture of Clock-Dials, of which the following is a specification My invention consists, first, of the process hereinafter described of making a sunkencenter paper dial, which consists in preparing and finishing the paper front of the dial with the usual figures thereon when in the flat, and afterward strikingup the sunken center and covcrin the edge thereof with an ornamental ring; s cond, the peculiar fastening devices for se ing the ornamental ring to the face of the dial, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a front elevation of a cloclcdial which embodics my invention. 2 is a transverse section the same; and Fig. 3 is a detached rear view of the same, showing one of the fastenings for the middle ring.

The dial at the edge and its outer ring may be of any ordinary style. The dial proper cons or a metal back, A, and paper front I the same shown and described in my patent of 1859. This metal back and paper front, with the ordinary figures thereon, are first glued or firmly cemented together when flat, far as the paper extends, and when dry l 1e dial between suitable swaging-dies e up the middle depression or sunken centc If desired for a cheaper dial, paper used, without the metal back. I then take a quadrangular die and punch, which cuts only on three of its sides, and make two or more perforations, (1, preferably three, around th edge of the sunken center. This punch for cuttin the perforations is straight on its cutting sides and beveled on its noncutting side, which beveled side turns the slug outward at an angle to the dial, in which position it is left temporarily with quite a hole through the dial at every point thus cut. I then take an ornamental ring, D, struck up from sheet metal, with its inside edge as much deeper than its outside one as the depth of the sunken center, and with as many prongs I) left on its outside edge as there are holes punched in the dial. This rin D is placed on the face of the dial, with its prongs running through. the holes punched to receive them, when the ends of the prongs are clinched on the inside and the outwardly-turned slugs bent down, with their cut ends pressingfirmly against the prongs, whereby the holes in the dial are closed, and the prongs Z) and the ring D are firmly and cheaply held in place, the whole producing a neat finished paper dial with a sunkenring center at less cost than by the ordinary modes. The metal and paper around the sunken center are strong enough to support themselves, so that very thin stock may be used for the ring and still a strong dial be produced. The greatest projection on the back of the dial is the smooth surface of the sunken center, which projects so far as to protect the fasteners by which the ring is secured, so that there is no danger of their being accidentally caught and torn up in the act of transportation.

Heretot'orc, so far as I know, paper dials with sunken centers have been made only by cutting out a piece and setting it back of the main dial, supported by the ornamental ring. In my dial the sunken center is supported by the body of the dial and not by the rin By the employment of paper or a paperfaced dial the sunken center can be formed from one and the same piece with the main dial after the other parts of the dial are linished, which is not the case with dials of any other material that I know of.

I am aware that dials other than paper have been provided with struckhp and uncut sunken center, and afterward painted, and I hereby disclaim the same 5 also, that rings for carriage-curtains and otherarticles have been provided with prongs for fastening to other parts by passing them through holes and clinching the prongs, which I also disclaim.

I am also aware that an uncut sunkencenter dial and an ornamental ring are old, the lattor being secured to the former by means of wire prongs, soldered or otherwise attached to the back side of the ring, and passed through round holes in the dial and bent over on the back, and I disclaim the same.

I claim as my inventionquadrangular holes, with the slug remaining therein hanging to one side and bent down against the prongs, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

s. EMERSON BOOT.

Witnesses JAMES SHEPARD, FRANK W.- SHEPARD. 

